The study involved 5,436 adults and found that urinary glycosaminoglycan (GAG) profiling provided additional information on individual cancer risk, independently of established risk factors.
When the GAG score was combined with established risk factors such as age and smoking history, a pre-specified high-risk group, estimated to represent 13–23 per cent of participants depending on the cohort, accounted for 54 per cent of all cancers diagnosed during follow-up.